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What are Anti-dumping & Countervailing duties?
Dumping occurs when foreign manufacturers sale goods in the United States less than fair value, causing injury to the U.S. industry. 'AD cases are company specific, their duties are calculated to bridge the gap back to a fair market value.' CVD cases are established when a foreign government provides assistance and subsidies, such as tax breaks to manufacturers that export goods to the U.S., enabling the manufacturers to sale the goods cheaper than domestic manufacturers. 'CVD cases are country specific, and the duties are calculated to duplicate the value of the subsidy.' When either of these occur, petitions are filed by U.S. manufacturers or businesses with the ITC. If the ITC finds evidence of injury to the U.S. industry, the Department of Commerce does an investigation. If the results are positive, Customs withholds liquidation of entries and collects AD/CVD duties. The entries are not liquidated until the DOC instructs CBP headquarters to do so.
Customs & Border Protection (CBP), Department of Homeland Security
http://www.cbp.gov/
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